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Genotypic and phenotypic predictors of the magnitude of response to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate treatment in antiretroviral-experienced patients.

Author(s): Miller MD, Margot N, Lu B, Zhong L, Chen SS, Cheng A, Wulfsohn M

Affiliation(s): Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California 94404, USA. Michael_Miller@gilead.com.

Publication date & source: 2004-03-01, J Infect Dis., 189(5):837-46. Epub 2004 Feb 10.

Publication type: Clinical Trial; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial

Results from 2 placebo-controlled intensification trials of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (DF) in treatment-experienced human immunodeficiency type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients (n=332) were integrated to determine the effects of resistance at baseline on HIV-1 RNA response. In these trials, there was a high prevalence of HIV-1 resistance mutations, with 94% of patients having nucleoside-associated mutations and 71% having thymidine analogue-associated mutations (TAMs). Statistically significant HIV-1 RNA reductions associated with tenofovir DF treatment, relative to placebo (P<.001), were observed for patients without TAMs (n=97) or for patients with 1-2 (n=88) or >or=3 TAMs (n=147). Response to tenofovir DF was reduced among patients with HIV-1 with >or=3 TAMs inclusive of either the M41L or L210W mutation (n=86) or patients who had a preexisting K65R mutation (n=6). Slightly increased treatment responses were observed when the M184V mutation was present. Phenotypic cutoffs were established at 1.4-fold and 4-fold, respectively, for the beginning of reduced response to tenofovir DF and for a strongly reduced response. The results from these controlled clinical trials provide guidance for the use of tenofovir DF for treatment-experienced patients.

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