Efficacy of permethrin-impregnated uniforms in the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iranian soldiers.

Author(s): Asilian A, Sadeghinia A, Shariati F, Imam Jome M, Ghoddusi A

Affiliation(s): Department of Dermatology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Publication date & source: 2003-06, J Clin Pharm Ther., 28(3):175-8.

Publication type: Clinical Trial; Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND: One approach for prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the creation of a barrier between the insect vector (phlebotoms) and the host. Many but not all researchers claim that permethrin-impregnated uniforms are effective for prevention of CL. We determined the efficacy of permethrin-impregnated uniforms for prevention of CL in Iranian soldiers. METHODS: A total of 324 soldiers were randomized to two equal groups, of which 272 soldiers completed the study. In group A, 134 soldiers were issued permethrin-impregnated uniforms. In group B, 138 soldiers were issued uniforms washed in water. The soldiers wore uniforms day and night for 3 months, and were observed for an additional period of 6 months. All the soldiers remained in the leishmania-endemic area of Isfahan during the 3 months. RESULTS: Nine (6.5%) of 138 soldiers wearing control uniforms and six (4.4%) of 134 soldiers wearing permathrin-impregnated uniforms acquired CL. The difference between two groups was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Permethrin-impregnated uniforms are not effective for the prevention of CL.